What does the term hem refer to? In the context of clothing and textiles, a hem is the edge of a piece of fabric that has been folded and sewn to prevent unraveling and to provide a clean, finished look. Hems are a crucial part of garment construction, adding durability and aesthetic appeal to clothing items.
Understanding the Purpose of a Hem
Why Are Hems Important in Clothing?
Hems serve several essential functions in clothing and textiles:
- Prevent Fraying: By folding and stitching the fabric edge, hems stop the material from fraying or unraveling.
- Enhance Durability: A properly sewn hem increases the lifespan of the garment by reinforcing its edges.
- Improve Aesthetics: Hems provide a neat, polished finish, contributing to the overall appearance of the garment.
- Adjust Length: Hems allow for the adjustment of garment length, making it possible to tailor clothing to fit individual preferences.
Types of Hems in Garment Construction
There are various types of hems, each suited for different fabrics and styles:
- Double Fold Hem: Common in most garments, this hem involves folding the fabric edge twice before stitching, providing a clean finish.
- Rolled Hem: Often used for lightweight fabrics, this hem involves rolling the fabric edge tightly and sewing it, creating a narrow hem.
- Blind Hem: Used in formal wear, this hem is sewn in such a way that the stitches are nearly invisible on the outside of the garment.
- Faced Hem: Involves sewing a separate piece of fabric to the edge, then folding it to the inside, often used in circular skirts.
How to Sew a Hem: A Step-by-Step Guide
Basic Hemming Techniques
Sewing a hem can be a simple process if you follow these steps:
- Measure and Mark: Determine the desired length of your garment and mark the hemline with chalk or a fabric marker.
- Fold and Press: Fold the fabric to the marked line and press it with an iron to create a crisp edge.
- Pin the Hem: Use pins to secure the folded edge in place, ensuring even spacing.
- Sew the Hem: Use a sewing machine or hand stitch along the fold to secure the hem. For a double fold hem, repeat the folding and sewing process.
- Press Again: After sewing, press the hem once more for a professional finish.
Practical Example: Hemming a Pair of Pants
To hem a pair of pants:
- Try On the Pants: Determine the desired length while wearing them with appropriate footwear.
- Mark the Length: Use pins or tailor’s chalk to mark the new hemline.
- Cut Excess Fabric: Leave an allowance of about 1-2 inches below the marked line for folding.
- Fold and Sew: Follow the basic hemming steps to complete the process.
Common Questions About Hems
What Is the Difference Between a Hem and a Seam?
A hem is the edge of a fabric that is folded and sewn to prevent fraying, while a seam is where two pieces of fabric are sewn together. Hems are typically found at the bottom edges of garments, while seams join fabric pieces.
Can Hems Be Altered Easily?
Yes, hems can be altered to adjust the length of a garment. This process involves removing the existing hem, adjusting the fabric length, and resewing the hem. It’s a common alteration done to achieve a better fit.
What Tools Are Needed for Hemming?
To hem a garment, you typically need:
- Sewing machine or needle and thread
- Fabric scissors
- Measuring tape
- Pins
- Iron and ironing board
How Do You Hem Without a Sewing Machine?
To hem without a sewing machine, you can use a hand-sewing method. Fold the fabric edge and use a needle and thread to sew small, even stitches along the fold. Alternatively, fabric adhesive or fusible tape can be used for a no-sew hem.
What Are Some Alternatives to Traditional Hemming?
For a quick fix, consider using fabric glue or iron-on hem tape. These methods provide a temporary solution without sewing but may not be as durable as traditional hemming.
Conclusion
Understanding what a hem is and how to sew one is a fundamental skill in garment construction and alteration. Whether you’re adjusting the length of your pants or creating a new piece of clothing, mastering hemming techniques ensures your garments look polished and professional. For more insights into sewing and garment care, explore topics like seam finishing techniques and fabric types to expand your knowledge.
